5.6.2 Standards

5.6.2.1 Compact Disc Standards:The standard for CD was originally a product of the companies Philips and Sony. The standards are named after a colour, the first being the Red Book: Philips-Sony Red Book CD Digital Audio, also includes CD Graphics, CD (Extended) Graphics, CD-TEXT, CD-MIDI, CD Single (8cm), CD Maxi-single (12cm) and CDV Single (12cm).Yellow Book standard specifies the CD as a data file carrier, the Green Book describes CD-I or interactive data, Blue Book describes Enhanced (multimedia) CD, and White Book specifies CD-V (video) characteristics. Orange Book is the standard that refers to Recordable and Rewritable CDs (and is described more fully in Chapter 6). The colour book standards, subject to certain limitations, may be ordered from the Philips web site at http://www.licensing.philips.com/. They are primarily intended for manufacturers. The ISO standards which describe CDs are purchasable from International Standards Organisation (ISO) Central Secretariat http://www.iso.org/. IEC 908:1987, Compact Disc Digital Audio System (CD-DA) (n.b. IEC 908:1987 and Philips-Sony Red Book are basically equivalent.) ISO 9660:1988,Volume and File Structure (CD-ROM) (ECMA-119) and ISO/IEC 10149:1995, Read-Only 120 mm Optical Data Discs (CD-ROM) (ECMA-130).

5.6.2.2 DVD Standards: There is an extensive range of ISO standards for DVD. However, similarly to CD, there are also proprietary versions of the standards. These standards are referred to by an alphabetical appellation: DVD-ROM, the basic data standard, is specified in Book A, DVD video is described in Book B, DVD- Audio in Book C, DVD-R in Book D, and DVD-RW in Book E. The ISO standards are purchasable from International Standards Organisation (ISO) Central Secretariat http://www.iso.org/ ISO 7779:1999/Amd 1:2003 Noise measurement specification for CD/DVD¡ROM drives. ISO/IEC 16448:2002 Information technology -- 120 mm DVD -- Read-only disc and ISO/IEC 16449:2002 Information technology -- 80 mm DVD -- Read-only disc.